Hexagonal boron nitride, also known as white graphite, is the simplest boron nitrogen polymer. Similar to the hexagonal carbon mesh in graphite, nitrogen and boron in hexagonal boron nitride also form hexagonal mesh layers, which overlap each other to form crystals. The crystal is similar to graphite, with diamagnetism and high anisotropy, and the crystal parameters are also quite similar. Boron nitride is mainly used for refractory materials, semiconductor solid-phase doping sources, structural materials for atomic stacks, packaging materials for preventing neutron radiation, rocket engine constituent materials, high-temperature lubricants and mold release agents.
Structure and composition
Similar to the hexagonal carbon mesh in graphite, nitrogen and boron in hexagonal boron nitride also form a hexagonal mesh layer (see Figure 1), which overlap each other to form crystals. The crystal is similar to graphite, with diamagnetism and high anisotropy, and the crystal parameters are also quite similar.
Hexagonal boron nitride is a white crystal with a melting point of nearly 3000°C, high temperature resistance, extremely stable chemical properties, strong acid corrosion resistance, and high electrical insulation properties. The relative density of hexagonal boron nitride is 2.25. Mohs hardness is about 2. It is a white powder that melts at about 3000°C under high pressure. It has good electrical insulation, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and good lubricity. It has good chemical stability and does not react with water, acid or alkali at room temperature. Boil with water and slowly hydrolyze to generate boric acid and ammonia. Reacts with hot concentrated or molten alkali and hot chlorine. Can withstand high temperatures of 2000°C. Has a strong ability to attract electrons. It can be obtained by heating borax and ammonium chloride in ammonia gas flow.
Boron nitride is mainly used for refractory materials, semiconductor solid-phase doping sources, structural materials for atomic stacks, packaging materials for preventing neutron radiation, rocket engine constituent materials, high-temperature lubricants and mold release agents. Fibers processed with boron nitride can be used as inorganic synthetic engineering materials and are widely used in aerospace and national defense industries. Cubic boron nitride can also be used as deep well drill bits and high-speed cutting tools.
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