Activate a Perspective or orthographic viewport. > Viewport Navigation controls > Zoom
Keyboard > Alt+Z turns on Zoom ; [ zooms in; ] zooms out
Keyboard > Ctrl+Alt+middle mouse button (drag)
Roll your mouse scroll wheel.
When Zoom is active, you can adjust the view magnification by dragging in a Perspective or orthographic viewport. By default, zooming occurs from the center of the viewport.
Tip: If you use a wheel mouse, you can turn the wheel to zoom the active viewport in and out without first activating Zoom. The zoom center is the center of the viewport.
Zooming takes place incrementally, based on the distance between the viewpoint and its “virtual target,” an inaccessible hidden target used for calculation purposes only. Use the Ctrl and Alt keys, respectively, to increase or decrease the increments. You can move the virtual target by holding down the Shift key during a zoom operation. Otherwise you will zoom increasingly closer to the target, which does not move.