Release 11.0 Documentation for ANSYS
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You can perform the example static analysis of an Allen wrench using the ANSYS commands shown below instead of GUI choices. Items prefaced with an exclamation point (!) are comments.
/FILNAME,pm02! Jobname to use for all subsequent files
/TITLE,Static analysis of an Allen wrench
/UNITS,SI ! Reminder that the SI system of units is used
/SHOW ! Specify graphics driver for interactive run; for batch
! run plots are written to pm02.grph
! Define parameters for future use
EXX=2.07E11 ! Young's modulus (2.07E11 Pa = 30E6 psi)
W_HEX=.01 ! Width of hex across flats (.01m=.39in)
*AFUN,DEG ! Units for angular parametric functions
W_FLAT=W_HEX*TAN(30) ! Width of flat
L_SHANK=.075 ! Length of shank (short end) (.075m=3.0in)
L_HANDLE=.2 ! Length of handle (long end) (.2m=7.9 in)
BENDRAD=.01 ! Bend radius of Allen wrench (.01m=.39 in)
L_ELEM=.0075 ! Element length (.0075 m = .30 in)
NO_D_HEX=2 ! Number of divisions on hex flat
TOL=25E-6 ! Tolerance for selecting nodes (25e-6 m = .001 in)
/PREP7
ET,1,SOLID45 ! Eight-node brick element
ET,2,PLANE42 ! Four-node quadrilateral (for area mesh)
MP,EX,1,EXX ! Young's modulus for material 1
MP,PRXY,1,0.3 ! Poisson's ratio for material 1
RPOLY,6,W_FLAT ! Hexagonal area
K,7 ! Keypoint at (0,0,0)
K,8,,,-L_SHANK ! Keypoint at shank-handle intersection
K,9,,L_HANDLE,-L_SHANK ! Keypoint at end of handle
L,4,1 ! Line through middle of hex shape
L,7,8 ! Line along middle of shank
L,8,9 ! Line along handle
LFILLT,8,9,BENDRAD ! Line along bend radius between shank and handle
/VIEW,,1,1,1 ! Isometric view in window 1
/ANGLE,,90,XM ! Rotates model 90 degrees about X
/PNUM,LINE,1 ! Line numbers turned on
LPLOT
/PNUM,LINE,0 ! Line numbers off
L,1,4 ! Hex section is cut into two quadrilaterals
ASBL,1,7,,,KEEP ! to satisfy mapped meshing requirements for bricks
CM,BOTAREA,AREA ! Component name BOTAREA for the two areas
! Generate area mesh for later drag
LESIZE,1,,,NO_D_HEX ! Number of divisions along line 1
LESIZE,2,,,NO_D_HEX
LESIZE,6,,,NO_D_HEX
TYPE,2 ! PLANE42 elements to be meshed first
MSHAPE,0,2D ! Mapped quad mesh
MSHKEY,1
SAVE ! Save database before meshing
AMESH,ALL
/TITLE,Meshed hex wrench end to be used in vdrag
EPLOT
! Now drag the 2-D mesh to produce 3-D elements
TYPE,1 ! Type pointer set to SOLID45
ESIZE,L_ELEM ! Element size
VDRAG,2,3,,,,,8,10,9 ! Drag operation to create 3-D mesh
/TYPE,,HIDP ! Precise hidden line display
/TITLE,Meshed hex wrench
EPLOT
CMSEL,,BOTAREA ! Select BOTAREA component and
ACLEAR,ALL ! delete the 2-D elements
ASEL,ALL
FINISH
! Apply loads and obtain the solution
/SOLU
ANTYPE,STATIC ! Static analysis (default)
/TITLE,Allen wrench -- Load step 1
! First fix all nodes around bottom of shank
CMSEL,,BOTAREA ! Bottom areas of shank
LSEL,,EXT ! Exterior lines of those areas
NSLL,,1 ! Nodes on those lines
D,ALL,ALL ! Displacement constraints
LSEL,ALL
/PBC,U,,1 ! Displacement symbols turned on
/TITLE,Boundary conditions on end of wrench
NPLOT
!Now apply pressure on handle to represent 100-N (22.5-lb) finger force
ASEL,,LOC,Y,BENDRAD,L_HANDLE ! Areas on handle
ASEL,R,LOC,X,W_FLAT/2,W_FLAT ! Two areas on one side of handle...
NSLA,,1 ! ...and all corresponding nodes
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,L_HANDLE+TOL,L_HANDLE-(3.0*L_ELEM)-TOL ! Reselects nodes at
! back end of handle (3 element lengths)
*GET,MINYVAL,NODE,,MNLOC,Y ! Get minimum Y value of selected nodes
*GET,MAXYVAL,NODE,,MXLOC,Y ! Get maximum Y value of selected nodes
PTORQ=100/(W_HEX*(MAXYVAL-MINYVAL)) ! Pressure equivalent to 100 N
SF,ALL,PRES,PTORQ ! PTORQ pressure on all selected nodes
ALLSEL ! Restores full set of all entities
/PSF,PRES,,2 ! Pressure symbols turned on
/TITLE,Boundary conditions on wrench for load step 1
NPLOT
LSWRITE ! Writes first load step
/TITLE, Allen wrench -- load step 2
! Downward pressure on top of handle, representing 20-N (4.5 -lb) force
PDOWN=20/(W_FLAT*(MAXYVAL-MINYVAL))
ASEL,,LOC,Z,-(L_SHANK+(W_HEX/2)) ! Area on top flat of handle...
NSLA,,1 ! ...and all corresponding nodes
NSEL,R,LOC,Y,L_HANDLE+TOL,L_HANDLE-(3.0*L_ELEM)-TOL ! Reselects nodes at
! back end of handle (3 element lengths)
SF,ALL,PRES,PDOWN ! PDOWN pressure at all selected nodes
ALLSEL
/TITLE,Boundary conditions on wrench for load step 2
NPLOT
LSWRITE ! Writes second load step
SAVE ! Save database before solution
LSSOLVE,1,2 ! Initiates solution for load step files 1 and 2
FINISH
!Review the results
/POST1
SET,1 ! Reads load step 1 results
PRRSOL ! Reaction solution listing
/PBC,DEFA ! No BC symbols
/PSF,DEFA ! No surface load symbols
/EDGE,,1 ! Edges only, no interior element outlines
/TITLE,Deformed allen wrench caused by torque
PLDISP,2 ! Deformed shape overlaid with undeformed edge plot
/GSAVE,pldisp,gsav ! Saves graphics specifications on pldisp.gsav
/PLOPTS,INFO,ON ! Turns on entire legend column
/PLOPTS,LEG1,OFF ! Turns off legend header
/ANGLE,,120,YM,1 ! Additional rotation about model Y (to see high stress areas)
/TITLE,Stress intensity contours caused by torque
PLNSOL,S,INT ! Stress intensity contours
/GSAVE,plnsol,gsav ! Saves graphics specifications to plnsol.gsav
SET,2 ! Reads load step 2 results
PRRSOL ! Reaction solution listing
/GRESUME,pldisp,gsav ! Resumes graphics specifications from pldisp.gsav
/TITLE,Deformed allen wrench caused by torque and force
PLDISP,2
/GRESUME,plnsol,gsav ! Resumes graphics specifications from plnsol.gsav
/TITLE,Stress intensity contours caused by torque and force
PLNSOL,S,INT
WPOF,,,-0.067 ! Offset the working plane for cross-section view
/TYPE,1,5 ! Capped hidden display
/CPLANE,1 ! Cutting plane defined to use the WP
/VIEW, 1 ,WP ! View will be normal to the WP
/DIST,1,.01 ! Zoom in on the cross section
/TITLE,Cross section of the allen wrench under torque and force loading
PLNSOL,S,INT
FINISH
/EXIT,ALL